The Assassination Of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. - 1304 Words

Each decade has it’s own defining events. The 1960s had the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., the 1950s had the first people to ever reach the top of Mount Everest, and the 1940s had the infamous World War Two. But no decade in the twentieth century, other than the 1930s, has had one sole event define its entirety. This event was the Great Depression. Beginning in 1929, the Great Depression was present in every aspect of society from the richest CEO to the poorest pauper. Although the Great Depression dampened the American mood, it created a desire for security and stability in the United States while ultimately uniting the country politically through aspirations of reformation, economically through expanding Social Darwinism,†¦show more content†¦Already in the decade the seeds of the desire for security are sewn particularly in the politics. Some historians theorize that the Depression could’ve been slowed by more immediate government intervention. President Herbert Hoover vigilantly laid groundwork of change he lacked the insight about how his common Americans were struggling to make ends meet in their own homes.Americans were in desperate need of stability through the government, but Hoover held a strict laissez faire policy having to do with direct government intervention. But all the people wanted was for the government to solve its problems (â€Å"How a Different†. His stubbornness created an even more impoverished United States seeking security that Franklin D. Roosevelt was destined to take over after his landslide election in 1932. With FDR came significant change and a plan to work the country out of their unpleasant situation (â€Å"Herbert† 2). He introduced the New Deal which in its genesis, consisted of many new laws passed and the use of the National Recovery Administration as a means of establishing and regulating minimum wages and a system of fair competition. Though after a small initial success the attempt was discarded after the Supreme Court declared them unconstitutional. Having been derailed and left to come up with a new plan of security Roosevelt’s second administration sought to boost the

The Definition of Subject Matter for Inventions and Patents

Definition: Subject matter is what something is about. In artwork, the subject matter would be what the artist has chosen to paint, draw or sculpt. In patent law, the subject matter would be the technical content of a patent or patent application found in the description, claims, and drawings. In other words, the subject matter is what the inventor has chosen to invent, and in a patent application, the inventor must reveal the subject matter (invention) in a way dictated by law. Examples: Example 1 The specification must conclude with a claim particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the applicant regards as his invention or discovery. Example 2 The distinction between patentable and unpatentable subject matter continues to be a topic of debate among software developers, academics, lawyers, and USPTO examiners. Example 3 The patented subject matter and additional subject matter still pending in the US and foreign patent offices includes claims to methods and devices for delivering medicinal substances to the interior of cells in various body tissues

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Sexual Harassment Within The Workplace - 949 Words

Sexual harassment (SH) in the workplace, as defined by the Ontario Human Rights Commission, is a form of discrimination based on sex. SH can be subjective, in the sense that it can range from anything as severe to asking for sex in exchange for something to gloating about sexual capabilities. While both women and men can be victims, trends indicate that women are greater times the recipient. According to Kubik (2016) 40 – 75% of women and 15% of men experience sexual harassment in the workplace. Although sexual harassment doesn t pertain to any certain type of occupation, it is seen to be more common in care work and male-dominated work environments. Even women in a position of authority may experience gender-based sexual harassment. Within this essay, I provide an overview of the impacts and legal obligations for employers in relation to sexual harassment, as well as the principles for effectively preventing and responding to sexual harassment in the workplace. Sexual harass ment in employment is a present-day political issue that acts as a barrier to gender equality. Named a form of discrimination in 1989 (Kubik, 2016); sexual harassment within employment can contribute to several negative impacts, such as low morale, absenteeism, employee turnover, and an overall reduction of productivity and performance. Occurring when an employee feels threatened or uncomfortable with the remarks or behaviour made against them or that they have been a witness to; SH claim’s reflectShow MoreRelatedSexual Harassment Within The Workplace1382 Words   |  6 PagesNovember 2015 SEXUAL HARASSMENT IN THE WORKPLACE Sexual harassment is any form of unprecedented sexual conduct in which the offender uses inappropriate language and actions that humiliate the sexuality of the offended. At workplaces, sexual harassment occurs when stakeholders of an organization engage in unwelcomed conducts of sexual nature, which makes the recipients (of the conduct) intimidated and uncomfortable. As Solotoff and Kramer (2014: 67) assert, sexual harassment is a widespread practiceRead MoreSexual Harassment Within The Workplace1567 Words   |  7 PagesSexual harassment is a continuing, persistent occupational health problem in corporations and work environments. There can be extensive, negative consequences for individual victims and the corporations involved. Assailants and harassers can impact and hurt victims by affecting both their professional work lives and personal lives. The purpose of this paper is to heighten awareness and sensitivity to this important issue, recognizing that institutions, clinics, corp orations, organizations and office-basedRead MoreSexual Harassment Within The Workplace1349 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is sexual harassment? According to U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission defines workplace sexual harassment as unwelcome sexual advances or conduct of a sexual nature which unreasonably interferes with the performance of a person s job or creates an intimidating, hostile, or offensive work environment. Sexual harassment refers to the action of repeated, annoying sexual comments, gazes and physical contact at the workplace. Sexual harassment refers to sexual actions that annoy the partyRead MoreSexual Harassment Within The Workplace1757 Words   |  8 Pages Sexual and Non- Sexual Harassment in the Work Place Sexual harassment is discrimination that involves any uninvited comments, exploits, or behavior regarding sex, gender, or sexual orientation. If any type of violation is made by a co-worker, a boss, a work acquaintance, or even a non-employee such as a client, vendor, or contractor, this will be considered unlawful sexual harassment within the work environment. Sexual harassment can create a hostile and uneasy work environment. SexualRead MoreSexual Harassment Within The Workplace Essay4574 Words   |  19 Pages SEXUAL HARASSMENT IN WORKPLACE Lesa GlennTracy ABSTRACT This research is about sexual harassment in workplaces. Sexual harassment has been seen all over the world, and it is more directed to women and also some men have reported the issues although not that much. The research was done due to the vast number of people complaining of harassment in their workplace and wanted to prove if it’s true. Harassment in workplaces is not only directed to job advances but also as a wayRead More Sexual Harassment and Workplace Violence Essay1416 Words   |  6 PagesHarassment has plagued the world for centuries. Why should the workplace be any different? Sexual harassment and workplace violence are not only of historical roots, but contemporary issues are still present in the workforce today. Managers are addressing and combating modern sexual harassment and workplace violence, however instances still occur (Robbins, Decenzo Coulter, 2011). â€Å"Sexual harassment is defined as any unwanted action or activity of a sexual nature that explicitly or implicitlyRead MoreSexual Harassment1405 Words   |  6 PagesSexual harassment Sexual harassment in a healthcare workplace is a very important topic to discuss even though it is often swept under the rug. Even with all law, literature and discussions on sexual harassment, people still remain confused about what exactly constitutes sexual harassment. Therefore knowing what sexual harassment entails and looks like is a crucial step in the prevention of it from taking place. Sexual harassment is a form of gender discrimination; it can therefore be definedRead MoreSexual Harassment At The Workplace1253 Words   |  6 PagesSexual Harassment in the Workplace What cause sexual harassment in the workplace? Sexual harassment is defined as discrimination towards sex. It is unwanted verbal and/or physical contact between two human beings, however, in this case I would like to focus on the workplace (co-worker or supervisor). Based on Civil Rights Act of 1991, there has been an increased amount of incentives for employer’s prohibition conducts of sexual harassment. How people perceive and evaluate sexual harassmentRead MoreThe State Of Sexual Harassment858 Words   |  4 Pages Machin, L. (2012). The State of Sexual Harassment in America: What is the Status of Sexual Harassment in the US Workplace Today? Journal of Global Business Management, 8(1), 133-138. Unwanted sexual advances are inappropriate whether or not an individual is at work. This article speaks to the minds of people who have been sexually harassed at work in the 2000s. When written, the article explained that in the last two years sexual harassment in the workplace had actually increased. It also explainsRead MoreIntroduction. The Purpose Of This Article Is To Provide1362 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The purpose of this article is to provide a concise summary of what sexual harassment is, discussing who it affects, and its prevalence in organisations using evidence and examples. A range of views will be provided to describe how sexual harassment affects organizations and employees. This article will examine the primary alternative interventions aimed at resolving for sexual harassment in the workplace. The alternatives are all considered to be preventions, rather than reactions to

Chapter Summary The Bible Among the Myths Essay - 5414 Words

Introduction Oswalt first learned about the issues in â€Å"The Bible Among the Myths† while taking a class taught by Dennis Kinlaw at Asbury Theological Seminary. His interest in the subject has grown since with graduate study and his own classes which he taught. William F. Albright, his students, and G. Ernest Wright led the rethinking of the evolutionary paradigm within the philosophy of Idealism. Although they believed the differences between the ways the Israelites thought and their neighbor’s thoughts of reality caused no evolutionary explanation to show, today it is found that Israelite faith can be explained by evolutionary change. Scholars today say that it is no longer about the differences between the two, but more about the†¦show more content†¦With this, we no longer can answer the important questions that ask â€Å"what† of our lives. We begin to care only about chasing after what we find pleasure or survival in. The Bible and Myth: A Problem of Definition The thought of the Bible being considered a myth has changes over the years. The though went from God and Bible not being able to be considered a myth, to mythical literature being at the center of the Israelites faith. The data has not changed, instead it is the perspective of scholars. This raises a question asked by younger scholars about accepting the Bible as truth if the history surrounding it is false. The definition of myth has been broadened over recent years to include the Bible. Oswalt discusses how a myth cannot be whatever a person decides it can be. It also cannot not be too broad that it could really be very many different things. There are different types of definitions for the word myth. Etymological definitions concentrate on the subject at head being untrue. One of these definitions states the word myth is defined as a story about the gods that is false. Another type of definition is sociological-theological definitions. In this def initions, the person telling the myth is only telling what is true to them. The story is not false in their mind. The truth is whatever the person thinks is true.Show MoreRelatedMs Paul2146 Words   |  9 PagesBible Among the Myths Malcom College English 093 Ms. Smith 01/23/2012 Introduction The book is an analysis of the Biblical view of the world and compares it other works in the Ancient Near East of that time with the development of the Bible. This is done by an in-depth analysis of the underlying beliefs inherent in mythology and the Biblical text. Of primary significance is the authors portrayal of the Biblical insistence on monotheism and divine transcendence compared to the polytheisticRead MoreEssay on The Bible Among the Myths Summary3696 Words   |  15 PagesSUMMARY OF JOHN N. OSWALT’S BOOK THE BIBLE AMONG THE MYTHS David Strickland Old Testament Introduction - OBST 590 June 1, 2013 Introduction The author, John N. Oswalt, was first introduced to the subject of this book in his seminary studies in the 1960s. Oswalt introduces his book with a narrative of the similarities and differences that exist between the Old Testament and the literature of the Ancient Near East. Prior to the 1960s scholars believed that the Old Testament was unique and didRead MoreBook Summary: the Bible Among the Myths by John N. Oswalt Essay3529 Words   |  15 PagesABSTRACT John Oswalt, in his book The Bible Among the Myths, presents his position to the reader that the bible is different and separate from other writings of the Ancient Near East. He asserts the Bible is both historically accurate and theologically sound. He makes the defense the Bible was divinely inspired and revealed to humanity and unique from other Ancient Near East literature. There was a time when the Bible, and the Israelite religion was different from its neighboring societies.Read MoreThe Gods Of The Ancient World1105 Words   |  5 PagesSome of the Goddesses of the Ancient World The goddesses named in this chapter occur in the midst of the earliest pagan deities mentioned in numerous ancient writings; particularly, the ones frequently linked to the land of Canaan. In fact, several of the goddesses that promoted idolatry and prostitution exist directly in the King James Version of the Bible, such as Ashtoreth, Diana and Lilith. Although, the word ‘prostitute’ exists only once (Lev 19:29), still, prostitution happens to be identifiedRead MoreThe Role Of Achievement Motivation1732 Words   |  7 PagesCHAPTER FIVE SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER STUDIES 5.1 SUMMARY Over the years there has been hue and cry on industrial development in Nigeria. But the focus was mainly on the governments’ contribution and its activities like intervention policies and program to realize this goal. Furthermore, huge budgetary allocation designated, and plunged into the sector notwithstanding, only modest success, if any had been recorded. Consequent upon this, this research topicRead MoreBook Summary of John H. Walton, Ancient Near Eastern Thought and the Old Testament:4623 Words   |  19 PagesHebrew Bible is broken up into fourteen chapters. Those fourteen chapters are each part of one of five sections. This book also contains over twenty historical images. Before the introduction, the author gives readers a full appendix of all images used in this published work. The author then gives his acknowledgements followed by a list of abbreviations. Part 1- Comparative studies The first section of the book is titled comparative studies. This section is comprised of the first two chapters. ChapterRead MoreThe Impact of Ancient Religion on Homers Odyssey1413 Words   |  6 PagesThe Impact of Ancient Religion on Homer’s Odyssey    There has long been a fashion among critics and historians, including Sir James Frazier and Graham Hancock, to insist upon taking the account of Odysseus voyage to Hades in Book XI of the Odyssey at near face-value as a description of people and places familiar to a Greek audience of Homers day. Both linguistics and comparative history have been employed to discover exactly how accurately this originally oral epic conveys this gritty realismRead MoreAncient Eastern Thought and the Old Testament Essay10692 Words   |  43 PagesLIBERTY UNIVERSITY THE BIBLE AMONG THE MYTHS JOHN, N. OSWALT A SUMMARY PAPER OF THE TEXT ANCIENT NEAR EASTERN THOUGHT AND THE OLD TESTAMENT SUBMITTED TO DR. RANDY G. HANEY DEPARTMENT OF THEOLOGY BY 03 MARCH 2013 Table of Contents CHAPTER 1: HISTORY AND METHODS 3 CHAPTER 2: COMPARATIVE STUDIES, SCHOLARSHIP, AND THEOLOGY 6 CHAPTER 3: SUMMARY OF THE LITERATURE OF THE ANCIENT NEAR EAST 10 CHAPTER 4: THE GODS 14 CHAPTER 5: TEMPLES AND RITUALS 19 CHAPTER 6: STATE AND FAMILYRead MoreSummary Of Fallen Angels 2448 Words   |  10 Pagesand demons have their different spiritual entities and similarities. B. What does the bible says about fallen angels? 1. The bible also states that fallen angels are referred to as the â€Å"sons of God† and as Satan’s ministers. 2. God made angels as spiritual beings yet they were influenced by Satan with his sinful work. C. Fallen angels have the abilities like angels. 1. They can cause dreams. a. According to the Bible, angels can cause dreams such as seeing an angel in a dream, as is in the case of JosephRead MoreUnderstanding The Face Of Christianity1746 Words   |  7 Pages Section 2: Evaluation of the Worldview Restate and build on what you submitted for Part 1, giving as much detail as possible about what you will say in the final paper. Each item must be 1 of the main evaluation criteria named in Groothuis Chapter 3. You will not include all of them; just choose the ones that work best in evaluating the worldview of your selected audience. This section will reflect your progress in refining, restating, and expanding what you previously submitted. Secular

Emotional Cognitive and Behavioural Responses †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Emotional Cognitive and Behavioural Responses Answer: Behavioural, cognitive and emotional responses are the common side effects of breast cancer diagnosis on the patient. These changes occurring within the patient leads to serious disruption in the quality of life of the patient. The case management depends largely on the responses that the patient experiences and the way in which the patient perceives her illness (Boyle et al., 2017). The present paper discusses the emotional, cognitive and behavioural responses that the patient Mary is likely to experience with regards to her diagnosis. Feelings of anxiety, fear and depression are the common responses to the life changing experience of being diagnosed with breast cancer in women. Depression is the most prevalent side effect arising due to cancer diagnosis. Major depressive disorder is a clinical syndrome occurring in most women diagnosed with cancer. Psychological stress and depressive symptoms are the highest in the initial six months after a patient is diagnosed with breast cancer. The severity of distress is then found to decline over time with the patient adjusting to initial shock of diagnosis and its acute impacts. As expected, depression has the possibility of creating a detrimental effect on all the possible aspects of quality of life. In addition, the patient might be having poor medical adherence and increased challenges to care for cancer, encompassing lack of proper understanding of the recommended treatments and the associated anxiety. Research also indicates that morbidity is also high in case of cance r patients. As a matter of fact, depression is a representation of an imperative target for identification and treatment (Hill et al., 2011). In the present case, Mary is likely to suffer from depression due to her early stage cancer diagnosis. Multi-dimensional factors play a role in the development of depression in the patient given the social context she lives in. Mary is socially isolated as she lives alone with her twin sons. Her partner is away since the birth of her children and is not in daily contact with him. In addition, she does not get support and help from her family as they live in a different place and have not met with Mary since her children were born. Mary does not have social support and required to undertake proper treatment and adhere to management regimen for her breast cancer. This possibly would be the reason Mary would suffer from depression. As Mary does not have the physical presence of her husband and her family, it is likely that the depressive symptoms would be more for her in compared to patients who receive the support and help of the family members. As opined by Maass et al., (2015) patien t diagnosed with breast cancer require social support that make them less anxious and less depressed. Mary would suffer from depression and anxiety from the thought of undergoing changes in her body that often affects ones confidence level and self-esteem. Work roles and family might be altered to a considerable extent. Mary is likely to feel grief at these possible changes and loses. Physical symptoms like extreme tiredness, nausea and pain also contribute to emotional distress that the patient is likely to suffer. Mary might also fear pain, suffering and death and the aspects unknown to her in future that would lead to severe depression. She is likey to suffer from despair and hopelessness. The psychological challenges and emotional reactions would determine the effectiveness of treatment provided to her (Ancoli-Israel et al., 2014). According to Bower (2008) psychosocial issues like stress, worry and anxiety are factors that determine the cognitive functioning of the patient. Such factors would lead to cognitive decline in Mary, with possible impacts on the quality fo life. Physical issues such as fatigue and sleep disturbance, along with psychosocial conditions like stress and anxiety would influence Marys cognitive functioning. Research indicates that all patient diagnosed with cancer have issues with short-term memory, though tests find that the memory is in normal stage. It is the ability to have focused attention and the speed of processing information that gradually declines after diagnosis of cancer. The issues can be related to memory problems since the brain is not able to process the information in a suitable manner. The concept of cognitive reserve comes into the limelight in this regard, which connects the level of knowledge of a patient with her perceptions about cancer. It is likely that Mary would be facing difficulties in carrying out executive functions in her daily life. As she has to manage her household single-handedly without any help from family and partner the daily activities of living are likely to suffer. Increased chances of developing insomnia and fatigue are to be mentioned in the context of the present case study analysis as the course of these responses have been well characterised in comparison to other behavioural side effects. Psychosocial factors along with medical conditions are likely to change to course of behaviour presented by the patient. Mary has increased chances of experiencing fatigue as she is required to carry out all responsibilities of her house and manage her two children who are young in age (Bower et al., 2011). Facing a life threatening disease like cancer would shift the focus and perspective of Mary, having a direct impact on her behaviour. She is presented with chances of developing risky behaviours like drinking and smoking in order to cope with the stress amongst other medical treatments. It is often devastating to cope with breast cancer and patients have the tendency to become restless and agitated at the slightest pretext. Behaviour changes encompass irritability, loss of interest to socialise and take part in activities, changes in appetite and loss of motivation and energy. Feelings of worthlessness and hopelessness make a person have reduced self-esteem. Mary might also suffer from severe panic attacks. Though the behavioural changes might vary depending on the support Mary receives and might be difficult to identify at times, these changes in behaviour have the ability to make a long-term impact on the treatment and management of the illness. The physically and emotionally draining illness is to reduce the quality of life of Mary as she is to receive adequate emotional and social support to fight breast cancer. From the above analysis, we find that Mary is faced with multifaceted challenges as she is diagnosed with breast cancer at an early age. Given the social context she is living in, chances are high that she would suffer the adverse emotional, cognitive and behaviour changes a patient diagnosed with breast cancer suffers. This implies that suitable nursing and psychological interventions are required for addressing the needs of Mary and enhancing her quality of life. References Ancoli-Israel, S., Liu, L., Rissling, M., Natarajan, L., Neikrug, A. B., Palmer, B. W., ... Maglione, J. (2014). Sleep, fatigue, depression, and circadian activity rhythms in women with breast cancer before and after treatment: a 1-year longitudinal study.Supportive Care in Cancer,22(9), 2535-2545. Bower, J. E. (2008). Behavioral symptoms in breast cancer patients and survivors: Fatigue, insomnia, depression, and cognitive disturbance.Journal of Clinical Oncology?: Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology,26(5), 768777. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2007.14.3248 Bower, J. E., Ganz, P. A., Irwin, M. R., Kwan, L., Breen, E. C., Cole, S. W. (2011). Inflammation and behavioral symptoms after breast cancer treatment: do fatigue, depression, and sleep disturbance share a common underlying mechanism?.Journal of clinical oncology,29(26), 3517-3522.v Boyle, C. C., Stanton, A. L., Ganz, P. A., Crespi, C. M., Bower, J. E. (2017). Improvements in emotion regulation following mindfulness meditation: Effects on depressive symptoms and perceived stress in younger breast cancer survivors.Journal of consulting and clinical psychology,85(4), 397. Hill, J., Holcombe, C., Clark, L., Boothby, M. R. K., Hincks, A., Fisher, J., ... Salmon, P. (2011). Predictors of onset of depression and anxiety in the year after diagnosis of breast cancer.Psychological medicine,41(07), 1429-1436. Maass, S. W., Roorda, C., Berendsen, A. J., Verhaak, P. F., de Bock, G. H. (2015). The prevalence of long-term symptoms of depression and anxiety after breast cancer treatment: a systematic review.Maturitas,82(1), 100-108.

Research Paper Public Enemy Essay Example For Students

Research Paper Public Enemy Essay In the late 1980s and early 1990s no group or artist influenced hip hop more than public enemy did. Their flair for pop theater and racial drama broadened the aesthetic possibilities of rap music. As chief architect of the sound and fury that defined a turning point in hip hop, Chuck D enlarged the language of pop by creating a space for music that was stimulating, boldly, original, and unflinchingly political. In this paper, I am going to include explanations of what is Public Enemys music about, what messages did they conveying through their music and what influenced them to decide the theme of their music to be political, social and cultural consciousness and a description of their public persona and the ways of making music. Public Enemy started out as a benchmark in rap music in the mid-1980s. They were characterized as militant black nationalists by the media. That comes directly from how and when we grew up. We came up in the 1960s. Political and cultural groups like the Black Panthers, and the Nation of Islam were reference points. Our parents brought the work of these groups to our attention, and it was educational and inspiring. My parents were radicals politically, but more than anything they were young parents who actually understood that there was a need and a time for change. They had a respect for the civil rights movement but also understood the need to further it. As black people we were out to further our equality. I dont pay attention to the controversial connotations put on by media and the undermining labels they place on us. We pay attention to what our community situation is and what we need, says Chuck D. Chuck Ds political intent is reflected by the inclusion of controversial Muslim minister Louis Farrakhan, Malcolm X and the Black Panthers in a personal honor roll that also includes the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Jesse Jackson. (Chang, pg263) Were out for one thing only, explains Chuck D, and thats to bring back the resurgence of black power. But were not racist. Were nationalists, people who have pride and who want to build a sense of unity amongst our people. After deciding to major in graphic design at Adelphi University, a Long Island liberal arts school, chuck d entered Adelphi University in the fall of 1979 and formed the idea for Public Enemy. Soon after enrolling in college, Chuck D found himself gravitating toward a musical culture that was molding its identity and cultivating a distinct voice. Unfocused as a student he demonstrated great precision while working with his friend and future collaborator Hank Shocklee to hone their music making talents, build important professional networks, and establish their place in hip hop. The infusion of black nationalist politics in Public Enemys music and style was in tune with the times, the eighties; the Berlin Wall was up, Nelson Mandela was in prison, Margaret Thatcher was running the United Kingdom, Reagan was out of control in the White House and Bush Senior was Vice President soon to be President all these that ushered in a period of intense racial and political discord. Many Black people found themselves in the eye of controversial storms about affirmative action, diversity, and the degree to which race mattered In 1982 Chuck D moved a step closer to launching Public Enemy when he got his own radio show on Adelphi s WBAU. A DJ crew he had joined a few years earlier inspired the shows name, The Super Spectrum Mix Hour. In response to the shows popularity, the station manager expanded it to an hour and a half. In those days, WBAUs audience consisted of black listeners from queens and long island, in addition to young whites who enjoyed the garage music and indie rock that was featured on the station. When the show first began, there was not enough recorded rap music to feature on the regularly scheduled program. .u00da302ddd5255f2835dcdaea08eef3f , .u00da302ddd5255f2835dcdaea08eef3f .postImageUrl , .u00da302ddd5255f2835dcdaea08eef3f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u00da302ddd5255f2835dcdaea08eef3f , .u00da302ddd5255f2835dcdaea08eef3f:hover , .u00da302ddd5255f2835dcdaea08eef3f:visited , .u00da302ddd5255f2835dcdaea08eef3f:active { border:0!important; } .u00da302ddd5255f2835dcdaea08eef3f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u00da302ddd5255f2835dcdaea08eef3f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u00da302ddd5255f2835dcdaea08eef3f:active , .u00da302ddd5255f2835dcdaea08eef3f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u00da302ddd5255f2835dcdaea08eef3f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u00da302ddd5255f2835dcdaea08eef3f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u00da302ddd5255f2835dcdaea08eef3f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u00da302ddd5255f2835dcdaea08eef3f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u00da302ddd5255f2835dcdaea08eef3f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u00da302ddd5255f2835dcdaea08eef3f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u00da302ddd5255f2835dcdaea08eef3f .u00da302ddd5255f2835dcdaea08eef3f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u00da302ddd5255f2835dcdaea08eef3f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Persuasive Speech Outline - Music Downloading EssayIn order to fill the time slot, Chuck d and the small crew he worked with began making original tapes of local talent to air during their broadcast. (Watkins, pg115) Chuck D started experimenting with his own vocals, honing the MC skills that would have left an indelible mark on hip hop. Though he was drawn to hip hop, Chuck D was not eager to sign a recording deal. His activities as radio personality, party promoter, mix tap producer, and MC had introduced him to a number of individuals who had been exploited by rap musics first wave of recording labels. From the very beginning of his rap career, Chuck D was different from most MCs. When he made his first commercial recording in 1987, he was 26, ancient in hip hop years. But he believed his age gave him added perspective, a more mature worldview about the realities of race, which shaped his approach to and purpose for rhyming. Rappers, he wrote in 1997, only rap about what they know, noting, I didnt want to rap about Im this or Im that all the time. Instead of boasting about himself or battling other rappers, he wanted to rap about battling institutions, and bringing the conditions of Black people worldwide to a respectable level. (Watkins, pg116) Chuck D and Public Enemy seized pop culture as a stage to act out a daring and symbolic revolution. Their politically charged symbolism was its main source of currency in the world of pop culture. Once Chuck D and Hank Shocklee agreed on a name for the group every aspect of public enemys image was carefully choreographed for maximum effect . Chuck Ds public persona was bold, serious-minded, and keenly intellectual. It was a calculated play on the legacies and images of strong black leaders. His pensive stare and fearless voice personified Malcolms by any means necessary expression of unassailable black masculinity and power. His forceful and disjointed message about economic freedom evoked Marcus Garvey and Louis Farrakhan, and his valiant plea for black freedom mimicked the spiritual legacy of Martin Luther King Jr. Contrasting with the steely image of Chuck D was jester-like character of Flavor Flav. Flav was Public Enemys hype man. With his comic sunglasses and an oversized clock attached to a chain around his neck, he became the groups visual focal point and a comic relief to Chuck Ds tenacious hard-rhyming style. If Chuck D was shrewd and serious, Flav was ludicrous and lightweight. Chuck D was visually backed by P. E. s choreographed dance team, The Security of the First World or S1W. This collection of black males dressed in militant-black code with Gestapo boots who moved in rhythm to routines resembling martial arts, military drills and Step Show dances lifted from college fraternities were doubled as the rap groups security team. source 3 ) Chuck D used his graphic design skills to create the famous public enemy logo of a defiant silhouetted figure caught in the scope of a firearm. The logo was like the group, rich with symbolism. It suggested that strong-minded blacks were Public Enemy number one and thus, one of societys most visible targets. Public enemys production team, named the Bomb Squad, adopted a genuinely fresh and radical approach to making popular music. They created dense soundscapes that relied on avant-garde cut-and-paste techniques, relentless beats, deep funk and incorporating sounds from everyday life -conversational dialogue, police sirens, TV news, street noise, ambulances and political speeches, These manners were essential to public enemys efforts to capture the tone and texture of young Americas urban milieus. (source 1) Critic Steven Thomas Earlewine declared that Public Enemy brought in elements of free jazz, hard funk, even musique concrte, through their production team, the Bomb Squad, creating a dense, ferocious sound unlike anything that came before. source 2 ) Hank Shocklee was one of the principal figures in the bomb squads sonic experiments. He characterized his approach to making music this way: .ufae0283d5470fb4382033ef4186e5d0d , .ufae0283d5470fb4382033ef4186e5d0d .postImageUrl , .ufae0283d5470fb4382033ef4186e5d0d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ufae0283d5470fb4382033ef4186e5d0d , .ufae0283d5470fb4382033ef4186e5d0d:hover , .ufae0283d5470fb4382033ef4186e5d0d:visited , .ufae0283d5470fb4382033ef4186e5d0d:active { border:0!important; } .ufae0283d5470fb4382033ef4186e5d0d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ufae0283d5470fb4382033ef4186e5d0d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ufae0283d5470fb4382033ef4186e5d0d:active , .ufae0283d5470fb4382033ef4186e5d0d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ufae0283d5470fb4382033ef4186e5d0d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ufae0283d5470fb4382033ef4186e5d0d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ufae0283d5470fb4382033ef4186e5d0d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ufae0283d5470fb4382033ef4186e5d0d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ufae0283d5470fb4382033ef4186e5d0d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ufae0283d5470fb4382033ef4186e5d0d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ufae0283d5470fb4382033ef4186e5d0d .ufae0283d5470fb4382033ef4186e5d0d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ufae0283d5470fb4382033ef4186e5d0d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Historical Periods in Music EssayThe sound has a look to me, and public enemy was all about having a sound that had its own distinct vision. According to Schocklee, We didnt want to use anything we considered traditional RB stuff like bass lines formulated with funk were a little too melodic and groove-oriented and chord structures and things of that nature. Their style was anything but traditional and exuded a mood that was frenzied, furious, and funky. The sound needed for this group was something that suggested urgency, while Chucks baritone voice was almost reminiscent of a gospel pastor. If I had put melodic chords behind him, Chuck would have sounded like an RB croo ner, and I didnt want that. What I needed was something that would juxtapose with his voice so that he was the music, enabling me to just score things around him so that the overall effect was of fire and brimstone, as if the world was coming to an end. The beautiful thing about having Flav was that he might be considered a tenor. He was high? pitched, Chuck handled the low notes, and that marriage worked because of the sonics. Whats more, they both had distinct voices. The Bomb Squad created their music by using thousands of sound fragments to build what Chuck D called a sonic wall. If you separated the sounds, they wouldnt have been anything they were unrecognizable, Chuck D says. They called their music organized noise. Bibliography: Source 1 https://play.google.com/store/music/artist/Public_Enemy?id=Az3r53f4tfze76bygghaxtsm4wyhl=en Source 2 http://www.last.fm/music/Public+Enemy/+wiki Source 3 http://hiphop.sh/pe Source 4 https://rockhall.com/inductees/public-enemy/bio/ Chang, Jeff. Cant Stop Wont Stop: A History of the Hip Hop Generation. New York, NY: St. Martins Press, 2005. Watkins, Craig S. Hip Hop Matters. Boston, MA: Beacon Press, 2005.